Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Varuna
Ink and color on silk
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Raksasa
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Yama
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Agni
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Sakra
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Isana
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Candra
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Surya
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Prthivi
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Brahma
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Vaisravana
Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings - Vayu
十二天像 宅磨勝賀
日本
此十二天像為密教作為守護方位之神，於傳法灌頂時使用。為六扇一對屏風，每扇高130公分，寬42.1公分，扇面各繪一尊天像，共十二面，故又稱十二天屏風。為畫師宅磨勝賀所繪，製於鎌倉建久二年（1191）。畫像上方代表該天像的梵文種子字，是守覺法親王所書。作者、繪製年代明確，甚為貴重。一九五三年指定為日本國寶。
十二天像分別為水天、羅剎天、焰摩天、火天、帝釋天、伊舍那天、月天、日天、地天、梵天、毗沙門天及風天。畫像全採立姿，每尊姿態稍異，僅月天面向側面，其餘均稍微側身左、右，當中有三目，或三目多頭者，別具風采。
尊像身軀修長，戴冠，或束髮，或戴頭盔，身著天衣，或穿鎧甲，皆肩披帔帛，顯得飄逸灑脫；頭光外緣環繞火焰紋。除梵天足踏蓮台外，其他皆立於圓氈座上。
整體以線條為主，色彩為副，筆勢呈露。衣著以屈折、反轉的粗細抑揚之線描表現動感。容貌表現或其他部位均直接在絹布上描繪，而不用畫稿，使畫面輕快明朗，然不失柔和。
此作運用絹背敷彩和雕塗畫風之技法，產生鮮明的賦色，未加碎金裝飾，異於平安時代（794～1185）的風格。表現手法自由，富於變化，可見受到中國宋畫的影響。
For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, page 922.
Cite this article:
Hsingyun, et al. "Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, vol. 16, 2016, pp. 922.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Graham Wilson, Manho, Mankuang, and Susan Huntington. 2016. "Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, 16:922.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Wilson, G., Manho, Mankuang, & Huntington, S.. (2016). Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z (Vol. 16, pp. 922).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Youlu and Wilson, Graham and Manho and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z},
pages = 922,
title = {{Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings}},
volume = 16,
year = {2016}}
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Youlu and Wilson, Graham and Manho and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z},
pages = 922,
title = {{Toji Temple: Twelve Heavenly Beings}},
volume = 16,
year = {2016}}