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Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms - Womb Realm Mandala - Trilokya Wisdom King

Gold and silver on silk

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Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms - Diamond Realm Mandala (detail)

兩界曼荼羅圖

日本

此圖因留傳於日本京都高雄山神護寺,故通稱為高雄曼荼羅,與教王護國寺的兩界曼荼羅圖同為重要的曼荼羅之一。共二幅,係近乎4公尺見方的大幅曼荼羅,為密教根本經典《大毗盧遮那成佛神變加持經》和《金剛頂一切如來真實攝大乘現證大教王經》思想的具體化表現,製於九世紀。此圖被認為是依日僧空海由中國攜回的曼荼羅彩色本作為直接範本所製,是日本現存最早的摹本。一九五四年指定為日本國寶。
 畫面雖已嚴重受損,但仍可見其精妙筆觸,格調優美,構圖繁複嚴謹,表現中國唐代(618~907)正統密教的繪畫風格。二圖以織有花鳥圓紋的赤紫色綾絹為地,用金泥銀泥二色線描,兩界共繪出一千八百餘尊像。諸像身形比例勻稱,線條流利細緻,筆法簡練。身軀近乎以金泥塗繪,再配以銀泥,產生巧妙的視覺效果。頭光、身光的圓相和火焰紋等均淡施暈染。
 全圖著重線描,使圖像更加生動逼真。從諸尊端正的面貌,身上飾物及圓相的圖案設計,可窺見中唐(756~846)的佛畫樣式,也顯示平安時代(794~1185)前期畫工的精湛技法。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting I-O, page 386.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting I-O, vol. 15, 2016, pp. 386.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Graham Wilson, Manho, Mankuang, and Susan Huntington. 2016. "Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting I-O, 15:386.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Wilson, G., Manho, Mankuang, & Huntington, S.. (2016). Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting I-O (Vol. 15, pp. 386).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Youlu and Wilson, Graham and Manho and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting I-O},
pages = 386,
title = {{Jingoji Temple: Mandalas of the Two Realms}},
volume = 15,
year = {2016}}


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