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Gongxian Cave 1: Emperor Paying Respect to the Buddha (right side)

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Gongxian Cave 1: Empress Paying Respect to the Buddha (detail) (left side)

鞏縣石窟第1窟帝后禮佛圖

河南鞏義

位於窟門兩側,各雕有禮佛圖三層。構圖嚴謹,畫面分別以皇帝、皇后為中心,前簇後擁,組成東、西相對的禮佛行列。
 東側為皇帝禮佛圖,上層畫面最前端有一比丘引導,比丘後為一菩提樹,其後皇帝頭戴冕旒,身著袍服,右手執蓮花,腹微鼓,徐徐前行。皇帝周圍有九位侍者,身後緊隨著兩位貴族禮佛者及侍者。下面兩排亦為比丘引導的貴族禮佛,各有貴族禮佛者五人,前側有殘毀,貴族或手執蓮花,或拿香爐,或雙手合十,雖在體態上都很類似,但在細微的動作上卻有變化。
 皇帝、貴族周圍都有侍者,侍者人數多少反映了人物身分的高低。如上排皇帝周圍侍者九人,一人在前,左右各有一位攙扶,後有五位舉華蓋、羽葆(儀仗中用鳥羽聯綴裝飾的華蓋)等追隨,左上一侍者殘損;其後兩位貴族侍者皆為七人,一前二中四後。中、下排貴族禮佛者中,中排五位貴族每人身後有侍者三人,下排五位貴族每人身後有侍者二人。
 西側為皇后禮佛圖,中、下排微有殘損,在構圖安排、表現手法上與東側皇帝禮佛圖相近。上排皇后身側有六位侍者,一前二中三後;其後兩位貴族女性身側各有侍者五人,最後菩提樹下還跟隨有兩位更為矮小的侍者。中、下排各有四位貴族女性,中排貴族每人有四位侍者,下排貴族每位有兩位侍者。
 鞏縣石窟第3、4窟前壁也有禮佛圖。鞏縣石窟是緊接著龍門石窟賓陽中洞開鑿而成的,在賓陽中洞原來也雕有皇帝、皇后禮佛圖,該窟的帝后禮佛圖當受到其影響,但在人物之安排上更多,構圖上也更為複雜。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves R-L, page 385.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Gongxian Cave 1: Emperor and Empress Paying Respect to the Buddha." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves R-L, vol. 6, 2016, pp. 385.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Peter Johnson, Mankuang, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Gongxian Cave 1: Emperor and Empress Paying Respect to the Buddha" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves R-L, 6:385.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Johnson, P., Mankuang, Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Gongxian Cave 1: Emperor and Empress Paying Respect to the Buddha. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves R-L (Vol. 6, pp. 385).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Johnson, Peter and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves R-L},
pages = 385,
title = {{Gongxian Cave 1: Emperor and Empress Paying Respect to the Buddha}},
volume = 6,
year = {2016}}


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