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Todaiji Temple Lotus Hall: Amoghapasa Avalokitesvara

Dry lacquer

東大寺不空●(上四+下絹)索觀音菩薩像

日本

位於法華堂。據《東大寺要錄》記載,該像約製作於奈良天平十八年(746)至天平勝寶元年(749),為日本年代最早的不空●(Q)索觀音像範例,是當時流行夾紵脫胎技法之代表作。●(Q)索原為狩獵用具,借指菩薩以慈悲心,愛護接引眾生,為力量的象徵。一九五二年指定為日本國寶。
 菩薩像高362公分,三眼八臂,身著帔帛、鹿皮,下著束帶長裙,外表飾以漆繪金箔,推測係據菩提流志譯《不空●(Q)索神變真言經》製作。主臂合掌夾有水晶寶珠,另六隻手各執法器。頭戴銀製卷草透雕寶冠,並鑲嵌翡翠、琥珀、水晶、珍珠等二萬六千餘顆寶玉,冠正面有24公分高的化佛立像。
 菩薩表情莊重肅穆,眉毛上揚,眼瞼深刻成微啟狀,唇形飽滿,臉頰圓潤。壯碩的身軀及深刻的衣褶、華麗的裝飾和穩重的雙腳,彰顯整體的尊貴莊嚴。帔帛垂掛於左右第三隻手,在腹部交叉成二重「U」形,顯示出寬舒柔和的效果。
 背光以四重舟形搭配四十二支棒線共同支撐,線條交叉處飾以透雕火焰狀卷草圖案。寶冠上方有花形華蓋,其中心飾有八葉蓮花紋,更顯絢爛流麗。一般認為,此像在聖武天皇(724~749在位)和光明皇后的佛教信仰背景下,投注奈良時代(710~794)藝術精華和財力建造,有密教的風格和奈良的寫實之美。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, page 1219.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Todaiji Temple Lotus Hall: Amoghapasa Avalokitesvara." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, vol. 13, 2016, pp. 1219.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Todaiji Temple Lotus Hall: Amoghapasa Avalokitesvara" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, 13:1219.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Todaiji Temple Lotus Hall: Amoghapasa Avalokitesvara. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z (Vol. 13, pp. 1219).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z},
pages = 1219,
title = {{Todaiji Temple Lotus Hall: Amoghapasa Avalokitesvara}},
volume = 13,
year = {2016}}


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