Aay Grotto: Illustration of the Amitayurdhyana Sutra

CHINA, Xinjiang, Aksu

This mural on the back wall illustrates the Western Pure Land of Amitabha Buddha as described in the Amitayurdhyana Sutra. Palatial buildings and pavilions surround Amitabha Buddha and a gathering of Bodhisattvas in the center. A large canopy hangs above the Buddha, and he is flanked by Avalokitesvara and Mahasthamaprapta Bodhisattvas. The three figures are seated on lotus thrones and are accompanied by 42 Bodhisattvas. Buddhas and attendant Bodhisattvas ride upon clouds in the sky above. The lower part of the mural depicts the waters of eight virtues and pond of seven treasures. Above the pond is a platform with heavenly musicians playing musical instruments, including the harp, zither, pipa, moon-shaped lute, flute, panpipe, reed instrument, and waist drum. The sides of the mural once displayed illustrations of the Sixteen Contemplations, however, most of these images have deteriorated badly.