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Phajoding Monastery: Padmasambhava

Ink and color on cotton

蓮花生像

不丹

十九世紀不丹唐卡。主要表現蓮花生大士因化度不同之眾生,示現八種變化身,每身各具其形象及法號,又稱蓮花生八相,蓮花生八名號。不丹廷布(Thimphu)法丘丁寺(Phajoding Gompa)收藏。
 蓮花生,烏仗那國(今巴基斯坦斯瓦特,Swat)人。初住印度比哈爾邦那爛陀寺,唐玄宗天寶六年(747)應吐蕃贊普赤松德贊(khri srong lde btsan,755~797在位)之請,入藏弘揚金剛乘密法,為西藏紅教之開祖。其後在西藏講經說法,翻譯經典,為後來編纂藏文《甘珠爾》、《丹珠爾》,奠定重要的基礎。
 圖中主尊蓮花生帶圓形頭光與身光,右手持金剛杵,左手捧盛滿甘露的嘎巴拉碗,左臂挾卡章嘎杖。頭上通人冠象徵一切諸佛的加持。其左右兩側,分別為耶喜措傑(ye shes mtsho rgyal)與曼達惹哇,各捧持嘎巴拉碗,面向蓮花生,作虔誠供養狀。圖上方中央為阿彌陀佛,其右側為無量壽佛,左側為不丹竹巴噶舉派法王夏仲阿旺南嘉(zhabs drung ngag dbang rnam rgyal,1616~1651在位)。圖下方中央,有三面六臂護法神,抱擁智慧伴侶,手持金剛杵、劍、寶瓶、嘎巴拉碗及三叉戟等法器,左展而立。
 圖中蓮花生的八種化身,自圖右上角起,按順時針方向,戴紅色通人冠,右手向外伸出托寶瓶者,為蓮花生上師;其下方國王裝束,戴頭巾與寶冠,右手握●(上兆+下鼓)鼓,左手持寶鏡者為蓮花王。第三個化身,身著紅色袈裟,綰高髻,左手托鉢者,為釋迦獅子。圖下方右側,紅面三目,踏虎背者,為忿怒金剛上師;左側藍色身相,繫虎皮裙者,為獅子吼聲蓮師,其上右手握卡章嘎杖,左手作期剋印執日光者,為日光上師。貴族裝扮,蓄鬚,拿●(上兆+下鼓)鼓及寶瓶者是愛慧上師。藍色身相,擁抱智慧伴侶者,法號蓮花金剛上師。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, page 741.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Phajoding Monastery: Padmasambhava." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, vol. 16, 2016, pp. 741.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Graham Wilson, Manho, Mankuang, and Susan Huntington. 2016. "Phajoding Monastery: Padmasambhava" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z, 16:741.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Wilson, G., Manho, Mankuang, & Huntington, S.. (2016). Phajoding Monastery: Padmasambhava. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z (Vol. 16, pp. 741).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Youlu and Wilson, Graham and Manho and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting P-Z},
pages = 741,
title = {{Phajoding Monastery: Padmasambhava}},
volume = 16,
year = {2016}}


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