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Zuto Stupa Sculptures: Sakyamuni Buddha and Attendants

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Zuto Stupa Sculptures

頭塔石佛群造像

日本

位於日本奈良市高畑町,東大寺正南方。據奈良時代(710~794)後期的《東大寺要錄》記載,東大寺僧實忠受良弁之命建造土砌佛塔,一般認為此土砌佛塔即為該頭塔。其頭塔之名,有說是僧玄昉之首塚而來。
 經挖掘調查後約略可見其全貌,此頭塔於方形塔基上構築七層階梯狀之土壇,呈四角錐形。塔基邊長32公尺,往上漸層收分,第一層邊長21公尺,第七層邊長6公尺,高度8公尺,塔頂深2公尺處置有礎石,豎立心柱,頗具規模。第一、三、五、七層四面各置十一座,共計四十四座石佛,以低浮雕或線刻表現。目前已復原的部分石佛,於龕上加設屋檐作為保護。造像題材有彌勒菩薩、釋迦牟尼佛、多寶佛、涅槃圖、釋迦八相、淨土變相等,被視為日本石佛中年代最早之實例。頭塔現為日本「國史跡」;石佛現為日本重要文化財。
 石佛可分為大、中、小三種類型。大型石佛刻佛三尊,上方雕飾寶相花華蓋,下方配置供養菩薩;中型石佛以樓閣為背屏,配置佛三尊、菩薩及比丘;小型石佛則為佛像一尊及小佛。諸像皆留有彩色痕跡。
 圖中釋迦七尊像以重檐樓閣、檐角垂吊風鐸,表現淨土之莊嚴。主尊為佛坐像,右手施無畏印,左手結與願印。左右為脇侍菩薩坐像,身後兩側配置二比丘,菩薩坐像兩邊側為合掌的小菩薩坐像。每尊像均面相豐滿,身軀豐圓,具奈良時代的造像特徵。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, page 1454.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Zuto Stupa Sculptures." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, vol. 13, 2016, pp. 1454.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Zuto Stupa Sculptures" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, 13:1454.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Zuto Stupa Sculptures. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z (Vol. 13, pp. 1454).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z},
pages = 1454,
title = {{Zuto Stupa Sculptures}},
volume = 13,
year = {2016}}


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