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Chan Encounter - Master Zhichang and Zhang Shuibu

Ink on paper

智常禪師圖 因陀羅

中國

為因陀羅所作禪機圖斷簡中的一幅,描繪唐代(618~907)歸宗智常禪師與張水部禪機問答的故事,即禪會圖。據《廬山記》卷二記載,智常禪師「得法於江西道一禪師,道一姓馬,僧史謂之馬祖。智常之目重瞳,以毒藥自按摩之,使目眥俱赤,世號赤眼歸宗。」張水部即張籍,因其曾任水部員外郎,故世稱張水部。圖中有楚石梵琦贊:「堪笑歸宗張水部都無佛法與神通若/論向上宗門事盡在山光水色中」,指出道在「山光水色中」。此圖為中國元代(1271~1368)作品,一九五三年指定為日本國寶。
 圖中智常禪師坐於樹下岩石上,舉右手作說法狀。圖右張水部戴帽,蓄鬍鬚,雙手合十,神情專注,聆聽法益。禪宗標榜「不立文字,教外別傳,直指人心,見性成佛。」任何一種有形的方式,落入言詮,已非禪意。然禪者對萬里長空,借一朝風月,示人正法眼藏。禪畫更只是一方便善巧,借筆墨,似標月之指,標指悟道者的境界。此幅筆墨濃淡有致,人物生動,將禪者的修行生活表現得淋漓盡致。
 因陀羅所繪禪機圖斷簡現藏日本者尚有:根津美術館藏的布袋和尚圖、●(上白+下田)山記念館藏的智常李渤圖、東京國立博物館保管的寒山拾得圖、石橋美術館藏的丹霞燒佛圖,現皆為日本國寶,五幅筆法一致,應是同一長卷被後人分斷。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting A-H, page 142.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Chan Encounter - Master Zhichang and Zhang Shuibu." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting A-H, vol. 14, 2016, pp. 142.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Graham Wilson, Manho, Mankuang, and Susan Huntington. 2016. "Chan Encounter - Master Zhichang and Zhang Shuibu" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting A-H, 14:142.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Youlu, Wilson, G., Manho, Mankuang, & Huntington, S.. (2016). Chan Encounter - Master Zhichang and Zhang Shuibu. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting A-H (Vol. 14, pp. 142).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Youlu and Wilson, Graham and Manho and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Painting A-H},
pages = 142,
title = {{Chan Encounter - Master Zhichang and Zhang Shuibu}},
volume = 14,
year = {2016}}


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