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Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings - Dhrtarastra

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Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings - Virudhaka

教王護國寺四天王像

日本

位於講堂須彌壇四隅。據空海大師之構想所製,為講堂創建時的尊像之一。四尊像高162~187.7公分不等。除多聞天王為後世補修、補彩外,其餘三尊從頭頂至足下邪鬼由槙木整材雕出,僅伸出的雙手及邪鬼的手足另外刻製,部分以乾漆塑形,像不刳空,結構堅實。一九五四年指定為日本國寶。
 東方持國天王與南方增長天王二像頭綰髮髻,西方廣目天王及北方多聞天王則戴頭盔,四尊皆全身披甲胄,服飾大致相同,頭後帶有輪輻狀火焰紋鏤空光圈。三天王腳踏邪鬼挺立,唯多聞天王由地神雙手托起,二鬼神隨侍腳邊,所謂兜跋毗沙門天王之風姿。
 持國天王與增長天王均眉毛豎起,瞋目張口,作忿怒狀;皆右手高舉持三叉戟,左手握劍置於腹前,雙腳用力下踹,扭轉腰身,裙襬、帔帛飄起,架勢十足,其勇猛姿態為平安時代(794~1185)初期四天王像之典型。衣紋刻劃深入,刀法洗練,袖口敞開,帔帛垂掛臂間,衣服翻轉皺褶富有動感,尤其衣服貼金並混有龜甲、花紋等華麗色彩。眼瞳鑲嵌塗抹黑漆之銅物,乃八世紀末至九世紀造像之特色。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, page 1238.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, vol. 13, 2016, pp. 1238.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, 13:1238.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z (Vol. 13, pp. 1238).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z},
pages = 1238,
title = {{Toji Temple Lecture Hall: Four Heavenly Kings}},
volume = 13,
year = {2016}}


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