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Bharhut: Life of the Buddha - Defeat of Mara and Enlightenment

Red sandstone

巴爾胡特遺址降魔成道圖

印度中央邦阿拉哈巴德瑟德納縣巴爾胡特遺址出土

印度中央邦阿拉哈巴德瑟德納縣(Satna, Allahabad, Madhya Pradesh)巴爾胡特遺址(Bharhut)出土。原為佛塔入口隅柱。
 此浮雕明顯區分為三段畫面,上段為釋迦牟尼佛於菩提樹下悟道的事蹟。菩提樹上裝飾傘蓋和花環,代表樹的特殊和神聖。樹梢兩側各有人頭鳥身、手持花環與供品的迦陵頻伽,歡喜前來供養,其下各立一藥叉。下方的屋檐上刻有銘文,意為「世尊釋迦牟尼的菩提道場」,說明此建築物為菩提伽耶的大精舍。再下為灑滿鮮花的台座,象徵佛陀成道。中段上下橫列肅立的諸天神,正合掌禮佛,畫面左下角蹲踞、表情沮喪者,當為企圖阻撓釋迦成道但卻失敗的魔王。下段是諸天神以歌舞禮讚佛陀成道的場面。
 該作品表現出巴爾胡特佛塔雕刻的一項特色。大多數作品畫面非常充實,依照時間的推移將畫面區分成幾個部分,每一部分都詳細刻劃不同的場面,結構非常嚴密。這種填充的手法,可能源自古人普遍存有的「空間畏懼」的心理現象,在厚重石材的配合下,更加強了充實感與壓迫感的特殊效果。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, page 131.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Bharhut: Life of the Buddha - Defeat of Mara and Enlightenment." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, vol. 10, 2016, pp. 131.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Bharhut: Life of the Buddha - Defeat of Mara and Enlightenment" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, 10:131.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Bharhut: Life of the Buddha - Defeat of Mara and Enlightenment. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F (Vol. 10, pp. 131).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F},
pages = 131,
title = {{Bharhut: Life of the Buddha - Defeat of Mara and Enlightenment}},
volume = 10,
year = {2016}}


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