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Taxila: Sakyamuni’s Parinirvana and Maitreya Teaching in Tusita Heaven

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涅槃及彌勒菩薩說法圖

巴基斯坦西北邊境省塔克西拉遺址出土

巴基斯坦開伯爾巴圖克瓦省塔克西拉古城(Taxila, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa)出土。以中間立柱將浮雕分隔成兩個畫面,圖左側為佛涅槃圖,圖右側為兜率天上的彌勒菩薩說法圖。柱身刻禪定像。
 左圖刻劃佛陀右脇而臥於寢台上進入涅槃。牀尾有大迦葉與外道對話,得知佛入滅的消息便匆匆趕來。寢台前有因悲傷而暈倒在地的阿難,旁另一位穿覆頭衣、結跏趺坐禪定,並先佛入滅的是須跋陀羅。其他弟子、信眾、天人、執金剛神等則圍繞著佛陀,捶胸頓足,悲痛難抑。
 右圖彌勒菩薩說法。依《彌勒上生經》載,彌勒以菩薩身為天人說法,住於兜率天上。佛陀曾預言授記,彌勒菩薩為娑婆世界當來下生,成佛度化眾生。圖中菩薩結跏趺坐於獅子座上,左手執淨瓶,右手推測應是結說法印。兩側弟子、信眾虔誠聆聽法音,左右上方樓閣露台上,天人觀看、聆聽、讚歎。
 該作品雕工精緻且富有層次感,雖人物面容已漫漶,依然可從生動的舉止感受其情感。中央立柱禪定像,串連涅槃圖與未來彌勒說法圖,象徵過去與未來佛法的延續,也是阿富汗巴米揚石窟中以及中亞造像系統常見的題材。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, page 1199.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Taxila: Sakyamuni’s Parinirvana and Maitreya Teaching in Tusita Heaven." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, vol. 13, 2016, pp. 1199.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Taxila: Sakyamuni’s Parinirvana and Maitreya Teaching in Tusita Heaven" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z, 13:1199.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Taxila: Sakyamuni’s Parinirvana and Maitreya Teaching in Tusita Heaven. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z (Vol. 13, pp. 1199).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture St-Z},
pages = 1199,
title = {{Taxila: Sakyamuni’s Parinirvana and Maitreya Teaching in Tusita Heaven}},
volume = 13,
year = {2016}}


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