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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Narayana

Cypress wood

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Guhyapadavajra

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Gandharva

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Sakra

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Kinnara

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Mahoraga

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Vasu

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Garuda

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Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors - Mahadevi

三十三間堂二十八部眾像

日本

位於堂內前排,為千手觀音之眷屬。四天王置於主尊千手觀音坐像周圍,餘二十四尊各分置主尊像前左右兩側,包括那羅延堅固王、密迹金剛力士、帝釋天王、梵天、阿修羅王、摩●(O)羅伽王、緊那羅王、乾闥婆王、毗沙門天王、婆藪仙人、迦樓羅王、大辯功德天等,像高153.6~169.7公分不等。造型富有變化,從其端正之作風,推測係十三世紀湛慶率慶派雕刻師所作,是三十三間堂最古雕像,亦是日本二十八部眾雕像中最早的作品。一九五五年指定為日本國寶。
 二十八部眾原為印度神祇,被佛教納入後,成為守護佛法之善神,各擁有五百眷屬。該群像全以檜木多材接合而成,眼鑲入玉石,貼飾細緻金銀箔,並塗上彩色。除五尊像外,其餘頭後均帶有火焰紋光圈,熊熊的火焰,表現威猛的雄姿。那羅延堅固王像與密迹金剛力士像相對,作怒目相,皆束一綹頭髮,結帶向上盤旋,帔帛亦環繞肩後騰空翻起,隻手握拳,另一手五指伸張,胸肌鼓出,筋脈呈露,表現力與美。
 乾闥婆王為食香之夜叉,司奏樂之神,搭披肩,著下裙,右手托法輪,作睨眼斜視的姿態。帝釋天王為忉利天主,束高髮髻,戴冠飾,內穿甲胄,外披大衣,袖口寬大,右手持器物,左手握拳,具武將性格。緊那羅王在印度神話中為棲息山中的人首鳥身之神,該像頂有一角,具有美妙音聲,能歌舞,身著帔帛,眼神專注,作打鼓之姿。摩●(O)羅伽王五眼二臂,為袒上身的力士形,頭戴蛇冠,搭披肩,彈奏琵琶。
 婆藪仙人為瘦骨嶙峋、背僂的老人形象,裹頭巾,右手拄扙,左手托卷子。迦樓羅王為有翼鳥頭人身之樂神,手吹橫笛。大辯功德天為施財寶之神,自古被視為觀音菩薩之眷屬。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture N-Sr, page 964.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors ." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture N-Sr, vol. 12, 2016, pp. 964.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors " In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture N-Sr, 12:964.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors . In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture N-Sr (Vol. 12, pp. 964).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture N-Sr},
pages = 964,
title = {{Sanjusangendo Temple: Twenty-Eight Classes of Dharma Protectors }},
volume = 12,
year = {2016}}


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