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Bihar: Maitreya Bodhisattva and Attendants

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彌勒菩薩三尊像

印度比哈爾邦出土

印度比哈爾邦(Bihar)出土。從貴霜(約1~3世紀)至笈多王朝(約320〜550),彌勒和觀音菩薩造像普遍盛行,到波羅王朝(Pala,約8〜12世紀)漸趨式微,此像即為當時的代表作之一。
 菩薩採三屈式立姿,腳踏仰覆蓮台。右手結與願印,掌心刻有法輪,左手前臂已佚,當為屈肘握長莖龍華。綰高髮髻,戴寶冠,中央置有佛塔,手執龍華等種種相,皆為波羅王朝彌勒菩薩造像的特點,但形態已出現新變化。以該像為例,其龍華枝葉帶有盛開的小花,長莖下部的螺旋形結節生出分枝,其上葉片承載水瓶,為其特色。水瓶自貴霜王朝即為彌勒菩薩的持物之一,一直延續至波羅王朝。
 該像與九世紀波羅王朝造像,如比哈爾邦庫爾基哈爾(Kurkihar)出土的佛陀自忉利天返人間像及比哈爾邦那爛陀寺遺址的樹下誕生圖等相比,肢體刻劃稍顯生硬,轉而強調表現肌膚表面的滑潤和光澤,冠飾、首飾、腰飾等裝飾品的設計更加精緻。橢圓形頭光周緣刻飾扭轉的花環紋樣,腰布上綴滿圓形和菱形紋飾,增加造像的裝飾感。
 主尊兩側脇侍為四臂女神,寶冠和服飾各有不同,扭腰屈膝的幅度較大,突顯女性體態,其大小比例雖不及主尊一半,但亦雕刻細緻。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, page 150.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Bihar: Maitreya Bodhisattva and Attendants." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, vol. 10, 2016, pp. 150.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Yann Lovelock, Yuan Chou, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Bihar: Maitreya Bodhisattva and Attendants" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, 10:150.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Lovelock, Y., Chou, Y., Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Bihar: Maitreya Bodhisattva and Attendants. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F (Vol. 10, pp. 150).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Lovelock, Yann and Chou, Yuan and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F},
pages = 150,
title = {{Bihar: Maitreya Bodhisattva and Attendants}},
volume = 10,
year = {2016}}


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