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Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra

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Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra (detail)

大足寶頂山石窟大佛灣第17龕報恩經變相

重慶大足

位於北崖。平頂,寬14.7公尺,高7.1公尺。造像主要依據《大方便佛報恩經》,參以《佛說淨飯王般涅槃經》及各本生經等內容。龕頂齊檐處,從左至右橫刻「假使熱鐵輪於我頂上旋,終不以此苦退失菩提心」。
 圖中央主像為釋迦牟尼佛半身像,高3.7公尺。佛螺髮間化出一道毫光,光中現一天宮,上書「忉利天宮」四字。佛下方刻《三聖御制佛牙贊》碑,左右兩側刻「惟有吾師金骨在,曾經百鍊色長新」十四字。此碑兩側為《大方便佛報恩經》和《釋迦牟尼佛為末世眾生設化法故擔父王棺》碑。
 佛左右崖壁分上中下三層刻像,圖文並舉序列佛今生、前世因地修行、行孝等十二組雕像。以佛左側壁下層之阿難乞食路遇婆羅門子孝養父母,六師外道謗佛不孝的故事為〈序品〉,至佛右側壁下層大孝釋迦佛親擔父王棺圖終結。
 左側壁上層三組圖像,分別為釋迦因地行孝證三十二相圖、釋迦因地行孝剜睛出髓為藥圖和釋迦因地鸚鵡行孝圖。中層兩組圖像,表現釋迦因地割肉供父母圖和釋迦因地修行捨身濟虎圖。下層只有一組,為六師外道謗佛不孝圖。
 右側壁上層亦有三組圖,分別刻釋迦因地為睒子行孝圖、釋迦因地剜肉供父母圖和釋迦因地雁書報太子圖。中層刻有二組,為釋迦詣父王所診病圖和釋迦因地修行捨身求法圖。下層只有一組,即大孝釋迦佛親擔父王棺圖。
 此圖變相與變文並舉,展示佛歷塵沙劫因地修行孝道,難捨能捨,難行能行。佛以身攝化,善巧方便教育末世眾生報父母恩德,其行孝的故事不僅體現了南宋(1127~1279)佛教石窟藝術世俗化的特點,也顯示了釋儒合一的時代特點。

For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves A-E, page 248.

Cite this article:

Hsingyun, et al. "Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra." Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves A-E, vol. 5, 2016, pp. 248.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Peter Johnson, Mankuang, Susan Huntington, Gary Edson, and Robert Neather. 2016. "Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra" In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves A-E, 5:248.
Hsingyun, Youheng, Johnson, P., Mankuang, Huntington, S., Edson, G., & Neather, R.. (2016). Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra. In Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves A-E (Vol. 5, pp. 248).
@misc{Hsingyun2016,
author = Hsingyun and Youheng and Johnson, Peter and Mankuang and Huntington, Susan and Edson, Gary and Neather, Robert,
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Caves A-E},
pages = 248,
title = {{Dazu Rock Carvings Baodingshan Great Buddha Bay Niche 17: Illustration of the Returning Favors Sutra}},
volume = 5,
year = {2016}}


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