Life of the Buddha

CHINA; Qing dynasty

This sculpture depicts an arched niche with the Buddha seated at the center, surrounded by incidents from his life that are separately sculpted in raised compartments. The leaves hanging from the niche represent the Bodhi tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment. The figure sits serenely in full lotus position, making the bhumisparsa (earth-touching) mudra with the right hand. The figure is seated upon a double lotus throne, with plant shoots supporting the incidents from his life on either side.
Depicted under the lotus stalk is the water realm, with two naga kings supporting the pedestal. Bodhisattva attendants stand on smaller lotuses above as the army of Mara streams down the sides of the niche to interfere with the Buddha’s enlightenment. The image of his future passing into parinirvana is depicted at the apex of the composition. There, three crouching warriors support the deathbed, which is surrounded by disciples.
Six illustrations stacked in two vertical rows on either side of the niche show seated Buddhas and the cardinal events of his life. The base of the sculpture is carved with two rows of lions, elephants, and figures making offerings.