Mogao Cave 16: Buddha Teaching the Dharma

CHINA, Gansu, Dunhuang; Western Xia period

Located on the south wall of the corridor, this is one of two remaining illustrations of the Buddha Teaching the Dharma within Cave 16. The seated Buddha is flanked by two disciples and two Bodhisattvas. The Buddha has an urna and is seated in full lotus position on a lotus throne, wearing a robe which covers both shoulders. The hands form the Dharmacakra (Dharma wheel) mudra. The disciples and Bodhisattvas are arranged symmetrically on either side in seated postures and face toward the Buddha. The disciples join palms and their round faces are reverent and devout. The Bodhisattvas are elegantly adorned with headdresses and ornaments, and wear white stoles that are draped over from the shoulders. Canopies hang above the Buddha and two Bodhisattvas, while clouds below the five figures indicate they are seated in the heavens.