
Andesite
This head of a Buddha from Borobudur was cut from andesite, a volcanic rock, and was created around the 8th to 9th centuries. The Buddha has tightly curled hair and a usnisa. He is depicted with a round face, an urna, downcast eyes, prominent nose, lips lightly touching, and elongated earlobes that all result in a youthful appearance. The usnisa, urna, and elongated earlobes are three of the distinguishing features of a Buddha. The sculpture’s style is believed influenced by the Gupta period (circa 320–550).
For more details, go to the Encyclopedia of Buddhist Arts: Sculpture A-F, page 182.