Abhayagiri Vihara: Semicircular Moon Stone

SRI LANKA, North Central Province, Anuradhapura; Anuradhapura Kingdom

Moon stones, also known as sandakada pahana, are carved from granite or limestone, and are unique to Sri Lankan stone carving. The stones are semicircular in shape and are generally placed at the entrances to stupas and temples together with guardian deities. This moonstone is located at the entrance of the monastery, at the bottom of a flight of steps. It is dated to the late Anuradhapura Kingdom (circa 4th century BCE–10th century CE) and is one of the finest examples of such work in Sri Lanka. The outermost circle has a flame design, followed by a ring of sacred animals including a lion, bull, elephant, and horse. Next are floriated patterns, a by a ring of geese, more floriated patterns, some lotus petals, and finally a lotus. Some experts believe that each ring represents the links of dependent origination. Starting from the outer ring, these dependencies are attachment, birth, aging, sickness, death, practice, and transcendence. Visitors and devotees are expected to wash their feet before stepping on the moon stones. Lowering their heads, they can then concentrate on the images at their feet, which calms the body and purifies the mind before they enter the shrine.