Ssanggyesa Temple: Stele of Master Jingam

SOUTH KOREA, South Gyeongsang, Hadong; Unified Silla dynasty

This 363 cm high stele is located at Ssanggyesa Temple in Hadong, South Gyeongsang. It records the life, conduct, and virtues of Seon Master Jingam, an eminent Buddhist figure of the Unified Silla dynasty (668–935). Master Jingam traveled to China in 804 during the Tang dynasty to seek the Dharma. He explored the country for over 25 years before returning to Silla during the rule of King Heungdeok (reigned 826–836). Master Jingam was notable for his contributions to Korean Buddhist culture, imparting many Chinese aspects from his travels including tea drinking and Buddhist music. The calligraphy of his memorial stele was scripted by Choi Chiwon and exhibits a distinct Chinese influence. The stele was listed as listed as National Treasure No. 47 in 1962.
Reminiscent of the works of Tang dynasty (618–907) calligraphers, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan, the regular script strokes of this calligraphy are dense, bold, and forceful. In addition, there are traces of running script that add an equitable amount of poise and charm to the overall composition.
Choe Chiwon was a well-known poet, scholar, and calligrapher of the Unified Silla dynasty. He journeyed to China in 869, where he passed the Imperial Examination and became a high official before returning to Silla in 884 to take part in diplomatic endeavors. Later, Choe spent his time studying Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism, in addition to composing several written works.