Shisunshan Rock Carvings Niche 33: Vaisravana

CHINA, Sichuan, Chengdu; Tang dynasty

Located on the back wall of Niche 33 is a statue of Vaisravana, a figure popular during the years 742 to 756 of the Tang dynasty. Vaisravana was a popular subject for sculptures because of a legend that originated during the Tang dynasty (618–907) in Anxi (near present day Kuqa, Xinjiang). When the city was attacked by the forces of the Tibetan Empire, the Tazhiks and the Kingdom of Kang (present day Samarkand, Uzbekistan), Emperor Xuanzong (reigned 712–756) invited Master Amoghavajra to chant for the protection of the city. Reportedly, a manifestation of Vaisravana appeared to repel the invaders. The legend traveled with Emperor Xuanzong on a trip to Sichuan, so that Vaisravana also became a popular subject there.
Vaisravana has a sturdy build and wears a headdress. The figure’s face is rectangular with a high bridged nose, full lips, and protruding eyes. The left hand supports a pagoda, and the right rests on the waist. Vaisravana stands on two demons, crushing them. The two walls of the niche are sculpted with figures making offerings.