Yuanwu Keqin

CHINA, Sichuan, Chengdu; Song dynasty

Yuanwu Keqin had an original family name of Luo and was also known as Wuzhu. He was a master of the Linji school of Chan Buddhism from Pengzhou (present day Pengshan, Meishan). He renounced under monk Zisheng of Miaoji Temple at a young age and later studied under Chan masters Zhenjue Weisheng and Wuzu Fayan of the Yangqi branch. Master Yuanwu became one of the greatest Chan masters and was honored with the title of Foguo (Buddha Fruition) by Emperor Huizong (reigned 1100–1125) and Yuanwu (Consummate Awakening) by Emperor Gaozong (reigned 1127–1162) of the Northern Song dynasty. He was posthumously honored as Chan Master Zhenjue (True Enlightenment). Master Yuanwu shared repute alongside Chan masters Fojian Huiqin and Foyan Qingyuan, and his disciples included Chan masters Dahui Zonggao and Huqiu Shaolong.
The renowned author of the Blue Cliff Record, which compiles the classic gong’ans of Chan Master Xuedou Chongxian, Master Yuanwu also added introductions, instructions, annotations, and summaries. The book is regarded as one of the most important guidebooks for most Chan students in China. He also authored several books including the Measuring Tap Record and Quotes of Chan Master Foguo.
Also a skilled calligrapher, Master Yuanwu’s cursive scripts exhibit the energy and gracefulness apparent in the classic style of many Song dynasty (960–1279) Chan masters. His calligraphic work, Tea and Chan Are of One Taste, was an important piece which inspires the Chan-Tea concept of appreciating the calligraphy of Chan masters while drinking tea. Another work entitled Certificate of Attainment is now kept at the Tokyo National Museum and is listed as a National Treasure of Japan.