Yungang Grotto 6: Seated Buddha Niche

CHINA, Shanxi, Datong; Northern Wei dynasty

Located in the lower tier on the west side of the central pillar, this niche consists of an outer trapezoidal niche and an inner arched niche. The upper section of the outer niche lintel has images of heavenly beings and four Bodhisattva figures on each corner. Below these are seven panels containing apsaras and children holding beaded garlands above imitation drapery. The lintel of the inner arch-shaped niche is decorated with 13 seated Buddhas forming the dhyana (meditation) mudra, with apsaras carved below them. On each side of the inner niche are carvings of dragons and other heavenly beings.
Within the inner niche a Buddha seated with legs pendent is flanked by attendants and warriors. The Buddha has a high usnisa, curled hair, a rounded face, and a slight smile on the lips. The figure wears a loose monastic robe tied at the waist, and an inner robe knotted at the chest. The nimbus and mandorla behind the Buddha are decorated with flame patterns, seated Buddhas, and apsaras. The inner wall of the niche is covered with rows of figures kneeling with palms joined in reverence.