Yungang Grotto 18: Buddha Niche

CHINA, Shanxi, Datong; Northern Wei dynasty

Located on the right side of the lower tier on the front (south) wall of the grotto, this trapezoidal draped niche contains a seated Bodhisattva flanked by Bodhisattvas in contemplation. The lintel of the niche is decorated with lotus petal pattern, apsaras, and carvings of three figures who make offerings in each upper corner. The main Bodhisattva within the niche sits with legs crossed at the ankles upon a lion throne, forming a mudra at the chest with both hands. The face is rounded, and has thin eyes, elongated earlobes, and a slight smile on the lips. The Bodhisattva wears a tall crown decorated with a Buddha image, along with ornaments such as earrings, necklaces, armlets, and a flower suspended over the abdomen. Bodhisattvas in contemplation flank the central figure, wearing crowns in the shape of flowers and sit in the relaxation posture upon raised seats. They each raise one arm to support the head and appear to be in contemplation. The vivid depiction of these figures, in addition to the exquisite detail, gives this niche a high artistic value.