Shuanglin Temple Heavenly King Hall: Four Heavenly Kings

CHINA, Shanxi, Jinzhong; Ming dynasty

The Four Heavenly Kings are described as facing the four directions while standing on the slopes of Mount Sumeru and guarding the world. Vaisravana is Heavenly King of the North, Virupaksa is Heavenly King of the West, Dhrtarastra guards the East, and Virupaksa is to the West. They are often found in Chinese temples as Dharma protectors.
The four figures are found on both sides of the door along the south wall with their hands gesticulating dramatically. They wear high crowns with intricate openwork designs and their massive bodies are in full armor. All the figures wear a garment decorated with dragons, secured at the chest, and extending just below the waist. Most of them have threatening expressions as they crush demons beneath their feet. Each figure is individualized and even small details have been executed with imagination and care.