Mogao Cave 103: Illustration of the Vimalakirti Sutra - Chapter on Manjusri’s Visit

CHINA, Gansu, Dunhuang; Tang dynasty

This painting depicting a chapter from the illustration of the Vimalakirti Sutra is situated to the left of the entrance on the front (east) wall. It dates from the High Tang period (712–756). Manjusri Bodhisattva is depicted in dialogue with Vimalakirti. The Bodhisattva, appearing calm and dignified, sits in full lotus position on a platform. The left hand is raised before the chest in a debate gesture, while the right hand rests on the right knee and grasps a ruyi (wish-fulfilling talisman). The disciples surrounding Manjusri have reverent expressions, suggesting the profound nature of the discussion. Below is a king accompanied by courtiers. The king wears a tasseled crown.
The mural combines skillful line drawing techniques with simple, light coloring. On the figure of Manjusri, only the waist strap is painted in an opaque brown. The lightly applied colors allow the Bodhisattva to stand out among his disciples, whose robes have more solid coloring.